Analysis of the Physician Assistant Suicide Debate Essay -- Euthanasia

Medical science, beginning in the last half of the twentieth century, began to achieve the remarkable ability to prolong life. In most cases, this is beneficial; however, in regards to prolonging the dying process, sometimes indefinitely, this is frequently viewed by patients and their families as cruel, rather than life-giving, and they petition the courts for the right to die. Despite the legitimacy of this position, a variety of forces have repeatedly endeavored to limit the rights of individuals in shaping the dying process for themselves and their loved ones. This is a particularly problematic area for health professionals and the following examination of the issues that this entails demonstrates that the most ethical position for society is to respect the autonomy and decisions of individuals. To die of cancer is frequently a drawn-out process. Terminal patients are frequently in tremendous pain despite the use of opiates. It seems perfectly logical to many people that individuals who wish to forego such torture, when they know that this inevitable, should be allowed to painlessly end their lives rather than suffer a slow, painful death. Yet, there are those who disagree. Stein (2004) reports that before stepping down as the country's Attorney General, John Ashcroft asked the US Supreme Court to overrule the nation's only assisted-suicide law. A previously held lower court ruling held that the federal government did not have the power to punish Oregon doctors who legally prescribed lethal doses of federally approved drugs (Stein, 2004). Oregon's Death With Dignity Act allows patients who have been diagnosed with less than six months to live to request such a lethal dose if their diagnosis has been confirmed by two do... ...out, this objection can be overcome through the institution of strict guidelines, such as were instituted in Oregon in accordance with their physician-assisted euthanasia law. Works Cited Feinberg, B. "The Court Upholds a State Law Prohibiting Physician Assisted Suicide." . Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 88.3 (1998): 847-76. Web. . Harris, J. "Consent and End of Life Decisions." Journal of Medical Ethics 29.1 (2003): 10. Web. . Singer, P. "Freedom and the Right to Die." Free Inquiry 22.2 (2002). Web. . Stein, L. â€Å" Right to Die†. U.S. News & World Report 18.137 (2004, November 22) Print. Sunstein, Cass R. "The Right to Die." Yale Law Review (1997): 1123-163. Web. .

Augustinian Theodicy

The Augustinian Theodicy From Augustine in his booke ‘Confessions' in 397AD. His argument was that God is good and created a world perfectly good and free from defection, evil & suffering. Based on Genesis 1-3 ‘Either God cannot abolish evil, or he will not. If he cannot, he is not all-powerful, if he will not he is not all-good. ‘ Augustine ‘The believer must have, in a cool moment, a solution to the problem of evil. If he does not, his faith is not rational†¦ ‘ Richard Swinburne The perfect world – â€Å"God saw all that he had made and saw that it was good. Genesis – Evil is a privation of good as darkness is a privation of light. – Humanity has free will to choose good over evil. The Fall – Natural & moral evil exist because things fell short of what God intended. – â€Å"The penalty of sin corrects the dishonour of sin† Augustine. – God shouldn't intervene because evil is the price of freedom. H umans can't overcome the inevitably of them sinning. – The fall marks the entrance of evil into the world. (The fall being Adam's mistake). – Humanity has an inherent guilt as descendants of Adam & Eve (original sin).We have to ‘put up with' what we have indirectly done to the Universe. The punishment for the original sin is ‘seminally present'. Intervention – There is hope through Jesus for all. This is a God given opportunity for those with good intentions to find a selfish reason for doing good. – Augustine's theodicy is soul-deciding. Meaning we have a choice of path metaphorically in life. In this way Augustine tries to prove the righteousness of God. By showing that God was right not to intervene when we chose to do wrong against God.And that giving us the choice of giving our life to christ is a act of generosity. However this contradicts the idea of him being all-loving as this theodicy tells us that God would let there be a way to bri ng evil & suffering into the world. But if he did not mean this, it either contradicts the fact that he is all-knowing or all-powerful. Basically†¦ God made a perfect world (is this true? ), humans committed the original sin (God does not have control), evil took the world, God didn't intervene (as a just punishment), but he gave us a way to desire to be perfect.Natural evil – came through the loss in nature after ‘the fall' Moral evil – came through the new knowledge of good and evil which was discovered through disobedience. Punishments: Separation from God. Expulsion from the garden of Eden. They must now live in a fallen world. Pain in childbirth. Struggle with the earth to yield a harvest. Tension between man and woman. Physical death. Old testament – God sends the law & prophets to try and restore the relationship between humans and God. But these methods fail, leading to Jesus. New Testament – God sends Jesus. In Augustine's eyes this wa s the best God had to offer.

Analysis of the Relationship of the Blind Man and the Husband

Raymond Carvers quot;Cathedralquot; depicted the interaction between a narrow minded husband, with a limited understanding of the world around him, and a blind visitor, named Robert, that proved to be the catalyst that dramatically changed the husbands view on the world, while they went from being strangers to becoming friends. In the beginning of the story, the husband disliked the concept of his wife bringing her blind friend over to stay since he never had met a blind person before and did not understand it. However, as the story progresses, the husband, through interaction and observation, begins to dispel his fears and misconceptions of Robert and his blindness. With the help of Robert, the husband gains a revelation that†¦show more content†¦A view that has disabled him with a far worse form of blindness than a physical one, the husband was blind to the world outside his own. This blindness is what may have been preventing him from having friends besides his own wi fe, whom in which, pointed out the fact that he had no friends. Eventually after Roberts arrival, the initial apprehension and preconceptions were replaced with actual experiences that broadened the husbands understanding as he learns from his first ever meeting with a blind person. When Robert arrived, the husband realized that some of his expectations of Robert turned out to be false. Robert has shown himself to be a very outgoing and cheerful person and not the silent brooding ones that were displayed in the husbands moving going experience. The fact that he was surprised Robert smoked, based on his having read quot;somewhere that the blind didnt smoke because, as speculation had it, they couldnt see the smoke they exhaled,quot; and the fact that the husband showed admiration towards how quickly Robert devoured his food shows the audience that the husband may have held the belief that physical blindness is akin to being inept and resulted in a limited capacity to interact with the world around him. Robert not only dispels misconceptions about his blindness, he also demonstrated himselfShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Cathedral By Raymond Carver Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesAn Analysis of â€Å"Cathedral† Raymond Carver wrote a long-lived short story name â€Å"Cathedral†. Where a divorced women remarried after a hard experience to a person who is struggling to accept his wife’s very long relationship with a blind man. Her new husband suspiciousness controls his emotions and draw his thoughts falsely. As her very old friendship was having an unfortunate event that his wife had passed away, he arranged with her a visit to their house, which concerned her husband â€Å"A blind manRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1426 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis in Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†: The Narrator Literature has the potential to act as a mirror by presenting people’s lived experiences, expectations, and perceptions through characters. Such is what can be deciphered through the analysis of different characters in Raymond Carver’s story â€Å"Cathedral.† This paper focuses on the narrator of the story portrayed by the author as blind, which is used metaphorically not to imply physical blindness, but the inability to have reasonedRead More Threatening Relationships in Carver’s Cathedral Essay1235 Words   |  5 PagesThreatening Relationships in Carver’s Cathedral  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Although many critics have written numerous accounts of Richard Carver’s Cathedral as being about revelation and overcoming prejudice, they have overlooked a very significant aspect: the unfolding of marital drama. The story tells of how a close outside friendship can threaten marriage by provoking insecurities, creating feelings of invasion of privacy, and aggravating communication barriers. The close outside friendship between theRead MoreAn Analysis of Cathedral822 Words   |  4 PagesAn Analysis of Cathedral Cathedral, written by Raymond Carver, is a short story that explores the narrator’s insecurities and fears of what he does not understand and through the progression of the story is enlightened by the man he fears. The short story Cathedral is a story of the narrators’ wife’s old friend coming to visit. The friend, Robert, is a man that she knew ten years before and has kept in contact with since. The two correspond via tape recordings on a regular basis. The wife tellsRead MoreThe Two Sides Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pagesstory that gives us a look into what it is like to have our views challenged through experiencing them first hand. We are introduced to the story by narration and we are given a brief summary of how his wife and the blind man had met from the narrrator. We learn that the blind man is named Robert, he is the only character that is named and described in the story. After the exchange of greetings and very detailed description of the dinner they all enjoyed Robert and the narrator then partakeRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1696 Words   |  7 Pagesaffected their relationships at home or work, often classifying one as a functional alcoholic . In such times when one is on the verge of alcoholism and keeping the emotional fires at bay, often a least expected but pleasant surprise can come into one’s life and change their outlook. In Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†, he takes the character of the narrator from the depravity of the hollowness from alcohol and substance abuse and disconnect from his wife and transforms him into a regenerated man who beginsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Cathedral 1734 Words   |  7 Pagesstory cathedral, the unnamed narrator’s wife’s blind friend is coming to visit. The narrator isn’t thrilled about his wife’s blind friend coming to visit nor is he happy that the man is blind. Later in the evening the narrator experiences a life changing realization of the true meaning of seeing after connecting with the blind man whom he previously had no interest in knowing. Raymond Carvers â€Å"cathedral† is a story that reveals those who are b lind see the world differently from those whom have sightRead MoreRelationships in Cathedral and the Story of an Hour1968 Words   |  8 PagesRelationships in Cathedral and The Story of an Hour Relationships are easy to make, but not necessarily easy to maintain. There are many events in a person’s individual life that has an impact on the way they treat or interact with another person. In Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† there are significant similarities and differences between the three couples. Given the time period that these stories were written there are many more similarities thanRead MoreThe Impact Of Blindness And Deception In Othello1360 Words   |  6 PagesNot All Can Truly Be Seen: An Analysis of the Impact of Blindness and Deception in Othello As much as humans want to believe and trust others, hesitation occurs due (to) a certain act called deception. All humans have the ability to be deceptive, although some more than others, there are too many who become a victim as a consequence of metaphorical blindness. In the play Othello by William Shakespeare, blindness to the truth results from the antagonist’s acts of deception derived from desire andRead MoreThe Country Wife - Summary And Analysis Of The Plot1160 Words   |  5 PagesSummary and Analysis of the plot William Whycherly s The County Wife is a hilarious comedy about men and women in love and marriage. In the midst of a continual banter of sexual innuendo there lies, cynical commentary and misogonistic attitude s upon women, love and what is socially accepted. ËÅ"Mistresses are like books. If you pore upon them too much, they doze you and make you unfit for company, but only for a night and away, to taste the town better when a man returns This quote from Horner

Renewable Resources For Renewable Energy - 1438 Words

Introduction In the most basic definition, energy is power that is harnessed from physical or chemical resources, often utilized in order to produced light, heat or fuel. It can be extracted from various renewable or non-renewable sources and has become a necessity for day to day life. Currently non-reusable resources account for the majority of energy production. The prominence of fossil fuels in the energy sector validates this claim. At the same time this statement reveals a major world issue in regards to energy sustainability. Although they may able to produce copious amounts of energy, non-renewable resources cannot renew themselves on the timescale required by current energy consumption. With this in mind, non-renewable resource depletion is inevitable without sustainable energy alternatives for future generations. At this point it is important to recognize the difficulty of this task given the ever increasing energy consumption associated with exponential population growth. Amongst all nations, Canada is near the forefront of renewable energy; the country is the fourth largest producer of renewable electrical energy despite its 8th place standing in energy consumption. This is undoubtable due to the abundance of natural resources in its geographical location. Currently 17% of total energy production is derived from renewable resources, despite the sector not being fully developed. Based on its initiatives in incorporating more renewable energy technologies toShow MoreRelatedRenewable Energy : Renewable Resources1944 Words   |  8 PagesRenewable energy: energy in which comes from natural resources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat (Bhatia, 2014). This essay is focused on the main three renewable energies, wind, sunlight, and water. Renewable resources are well on the way to out rule the fossil fuel industry because of the diminishing amount of fossil fuels left in the world and increase of renewable resource use, the damage fossil fuels do to the environment, and the variousRead MoreRenewable Resources For Renewable Energy Essay1157 Words   |  5 Pages Renewable Resources used to be a source that was futuristic and far beyond the time period. Fossil Fuels are damaging to the home that is named Earth. Americans should support the production of renewable resources because they are more efficient, the world will experience a decline in the emission of Fossil Fuels, and the use of of WWS (Wind, Water, Solar) Resources will produce a more resilient source when compared to the sources that in effect now. WWS Resources produce more efficiently thanRead MoreRenewable Energy Resources928 Words   |  4 Pagesfact that 86% of our energy comes from nonrenewable, polluting, costly fossil fuels and only 14% is renewable is diabolical. Why must we harm our environment to contribute to our energy production when renewable energy sources are so abundantly present so that we may be symbiotic with nature? To lessen our environmental impact and be able to avoid the high expenses of non-renewable fossil fuels in the near future it should be obvious that we start to use more renewable energy sources than we do nonrenewableRead MoreEnergy Resources And Renewable Energy1240 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone uses a lot of power for lighting, heating, machines, movements, and so much more. All of that energy has to come from an energy supply. Some energy resources are renewable, while others are non-renewable. Energy has various forms and is a very essential part of our everyday lives. In my house, I always try to conserve energy when I can. I try an hot water by using a lower flow shower head and very rarely use the bath tub which does waste a lot of hot water. When buying light bulbs, I onlyRead MoreEnergy Resources : Renewable And Non Renewable Ones1225 Words   |  5 Pagesa discovery of the ability to transform the energy into the electricity. In today’s modern world it is hard to imagine that there was a world without the electricity and that electricity was gifted to the humanity just 400 years ago. As George Gobel said once: â€Å"If it weren’t for electricity, we’d all be watching television by candlelight†. Electricity is the gift granted to humans and it is our generation’s duty to use the electricity energy smartly and pass it to future generations. ForRead MoreRenewable vs. Non-Renewable Energy Resources1840 Words   |  8 PagesRenewable Vs. Non-renewable Energy Resources: Environmental and Economical Advantages and Disadvantages Imagine a life without washing machines, dryers, refrigerators, computers, televisions, lights, and cars. Imagine a planet so polluted that smog is in the air so bad that one cannot see very far, lakes and streams are poisoned, and land so badly scarred from people trying to find more energy sources. One day this may be a reality if we do not do something to change how we use our energy resourcesRead MoreBiomass As A Renewable Energy Resource907 Words   |  4 Pages3 Biomass as a renewable energy resource Biomass can be considered as a renewable energy resource, although burning biomass releases carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere similar to burning fossil fuel (Liu H. 2011). There is a significant difference in CO2 release between burning a fossil fuel and burning biomass. Burning a fossil fuel releases CO2 that has been locked up for millions of years in the ground, affecting the natural CO2 cycle and resulting in an increase in the CO2 concentration inRead MoreNon-Renewable Energy Resources1458 Words   |  6 PagesNon-Renewable Energy Resources This Project will be in two Parts. The first part is about Non-renewable energy. Non-renewable energy is a resource that will some day we will run out of. Non-renewable energy is a resource that will some day we will run out of. The second part is on Renewable energy. Renewable energy is a resource that we will never run out of because it is continually being replaced. The sun is the source of all our energy resources. The suns energy reaches Earth andRead MoreRenewable Resources For Solar Energy1387 Words   |  6 PagesSolar Energy is something that the entire world relies on every day. Without energy, the earth would be dark, and nothing will be able to operate. Lately, there has been many concerns with the various types of resources that are used to generate energy. Many resources that are used are non-renewable resource. This means that the resources such as oil and coal are not grown or produced, they are found in regions in specific sections of the world. These resources are also recognized as fossil fuelsRead MoreAlternative Energy Resources : Renewable Energy Source848 Words   |  4 PagesAlternate energy resources are being developed to compete against the fossil fuel power stations. Fossil fuel such as coal and oil are drilled and shoveled out of the ground and then processed to be turned into electricity. Problems with fossil fuels are that they produce hazardous air emissions and give off by-produc ts that will harm the area. Some well-known alternate renewable energy resources are wind, solar, and hydro power. These are all sources that are in abundance and will be around for

General Health Of The Elderly Population Essay - 1451 Words

October 28, 2016 Chapter 9 Summary Physical Activity In reading chapter 9 we live in an aging society. Not only is 1 in every 8 Americans older than 65 years, but a person aged 65 can expect to live an average of 18 more years . People aged 85 years and over are the fastest-growing group, and the proportion of these â€Å"oldest old† is expected to triple between now and year 2030. Continued good health of the elderly population is a major challenge to public health. What Happens As We Age Healthy life means a full range of functional capacity at each life stage, from infancy to old age. Some age-related changes involve a gradual decline in function that is due to biological senescence. For example, aging is generally associated with more body fat and reduced muscle mass. Reduced muscle mass has been directly linked with lowered muscle strength, lowered maximal aerobic capacity, and decreased bone density in elderly adults. However, not all age-associated changes are caused by age alone. Some scientists believe that the age-associated decline in function is caused by cumulative exposure to risk factors rather than only by aging. For example, lower insulin sensitivity and increased risk of type 2 diabetes are also influenced by genetics, body composition, and sedentary lifestyles. Very little, if any, of the age-associated change in glucose tolerance is caused by age alone. Age-associated changes in metabolism or physiological function may be partly responsible for theShow MoreRelatedThe Social Determinants Of Food Deserts And Food Insecurity Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesInsecurity Diverse groups in American society are often the most marginalized and therefore the most vulnerable to issues that undermine the fair and uncomplicated pursuit of health and wellbeing. One of those issues is the lack of access to affordable healthy food and, in many cases, the inaccessibility to food in general. Areas where affordable and healthy foods are largely unavailable are called food deserts and the members of the diverse groups that live in such areas or that have access to veryRead MoreElderly Care: Family and Government Should Work Together Essay1104 Words   |  5 PagesAs standard of living improve due advances in nutrition and healthcare and general living condition worldwide, so is the population increasing as more people live longer in all age group. As a result of these we have a large population of the elderly worldwide since most people live longer. As these groups grow old they become helpless, some are unable to work and while some fall sick to diseases like Alzheimer. The responsibility of taking care of them now either fall into the hands of theirRead MoreThe Identification Of The Vulnerable Population1311 Words   |  6 Pagesidentification of the vulnerable population In today’s society you will look around and see that elderly single woman is not being represented much at all and all you see is that mainstream is getting younger every day. You can’t turn on your television without seeing young programming that doesn’t cater to an older demographic especially older woman. It is growing problem among elderly single woman with depression. In The Guardian it states, â€Å"Some mental health experts argue that women are unhappierRead MoreElderly Abuse Issues1420 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished the Protecting Canada’s Seniors Act, which increased awareness on the issues facing the elderly population of 65 years and above (Sibbal Holroyd-Leduc, 2012). This paper will examine three contemporary challenges facing the cohort, including elderly abuse, dementia, and polypharmacy, while preventative strategies and recommendations addressing these issues will be offered. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines abuse towards seniors as, a single, or repeated act, or lack of appropriateRead MoreThe Geriatric Population Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesThe Geriatric population is one of the most rapidly growing populations in the U.S., due to advances in medication and health care people are living longer than they did before. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) the geriatric age group is defined as anyone over the age of 65 but this is not universal and depending on which country you live in it can be as young as 50 years of age which is the case in Africa (Definition of an older or elderly person, n.d.). It is extremely importantRead MoreBeing Mortal By Atul Gawande1329 Words   |  6 Pageslittle depressing picture of the realities faced by the elderly in the US nowadays: declining health status, economic insecurity, and loss of independence. It seems once the older people move into nursing homes or assisted living facilities, they lose autonomy, dignity and privacy as the institutions are not able to fully individualize care. Even though the situation has been improving, it still shocks me to see how unhappy some of the elderly are in these circumstances. Realizing senior care facilitiesRead MoreIs Ageism Against The Older People Could Potentially Be Reversed Through The Participation Of A Lifespan Human Development Course1620 Words   |  7 Pagesauthor examine if negative attitudes towards older people could potentially be reversed through the participation in a Lifespan Human Development Course. He states that research findings shows that a prevailing factor that is affecting the elder population today is ageism. Researchers found, that the younger generation, 35 years and younger, are judgmental and in many cases disrespectful and hold some form of prejudice towards older adults. Older adult are often described in negative way and labelledRead MoreElderly Senior Population779 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2014, Americans age 65 and older represented 14.5% of the total population in the United States. Between 2004 and 2014 the senior population grew by 10 million—constituting a 28% increase in the senior population, far surpassing the 6.2% growth in the populatio n under the age of 65 (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2016). It is projected that one in every five Americans will be a senior in 2030 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013; Ortman, Velkoff Hogan, 2014). The comingRead MoreHealthcare Providers And Policy Makers1562 Words   |  7 Pagesissues that healthcare providers and policy makers in LDCs will have to act upon in order to avoid a drastic future for their ageing populations. First and foremost the information gap on geriatrics needs to be bridged. Researchers in less developed nations are barely scratching the surface on the specific conditions that are more common among older populations. While in more developed nations, their peers are only beginning to understand the extent of the global ageing challenge. LDC governmentsRead MoreAn Interview With A Healthy, Non Institutionalized Elderly Latino1630 Words   |  7 PagesThe paper is based on an interview with a healthy, non-institutionalized elderly Latino man in relation to the current nursing techniques. The focus on this individual helps to investigate the relationship between the race/ethnicity, psychosocial characteristics and the United States nursing home utilization projections. Notably, focusing on the individual aged 65 years and above helps analyze the characteristics of the baby boom generation in its entrance to retirement age. Consideration of this

from Review and study guide

from Review and study guide- biomed Question Answer What are four main tissue types and how does structure lead to function? How does the structure of epithelial tissue lend this form of tissue to its function? why does muscle tissue have the ability to do that other tissue types do not? What are the three types of muscle tissues? How do the structures and functions of the three types of tissues vary? What type of tissue is bone classified as? what primary function of this tissue type pertains to bone? why do you think the pelvis is often the first bone forensic anthropologists look to in determining sex from skeletal remains? The developmental occurrences you used to determine age stopped at age 25. what are other clues a forensic anthropologist may be able to use to determine age if the bones belong to a person over age 25? What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data/evidence? what purpose does each form of data play in establishing identity? what key bones would forensic anthropologists use to establish a probable ethnic background? What skeletal features of this bone are key to identifying ethnicity? which type of bone and what are the specific bones that are best for height/stature determination? why is it best to have two or more bones for height calculations? what is the structure and function of DNA? What factor(s) determine the speed by which DNA fragments will move through an electrophoresis gel? What are restriction enzymes and how are the names of restriction enzymes derived? why would it be important to use more than one restriction enzyme when performing an RFLP analysis? In terms of positive and negative poles, describe the direction DNA fragments would move through an electrophoresis gel chamber and explain why? In reference to the use of restriction enzymes, describe the terms stickily ends and blunt ends. What is PCR?Define its role in DNA analysis? Briefly describe the three phases in the PCR process. what characteristics of electrophoresis gels make them useful in separating fragments of DNA? What are the two main subdivisions of the nervous system and what areas of the body make up these two subdivisions? how do the two main subdivisions of the nervous system work together to control the body? what are the main regions of the brain and the functions relating to each region? what is the basic structure and function of the neuron? How do the different types of neurons work together to send and receive signals? describe directional pathways and types of neurons involved. How are electrical signals crated and transmitted in the human body. describe the roles of ions in creating electrical impulses in the human body. what is a hormone? how to hormones interact with target cells? how do feedback loops help regulate the action of hormones? explain how the body decreases blood glucose levels if they are too high/ too low? explain how the body decreases thyroid hormone levels if they are too high? too low? how does a hormone imbalance lead to disease? give three specific examples. how is light focused by the eye? how do the eye and brain work together to process what we see? how does the eye perceive depth, color and optical illusions? What are the functions of the digestive system? how does the structure of each organ in the digestive system relate to its function? describe the main functions of the human digestive system. list major organs of the digestive system in order. next to each structure/organ, identify its function as one or more of the following: chemically digest food, mechanically digest food, absorb water and nutrients, and/or remove wastes. How do enzymes assist the process of digestion? which enzymes digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins? Identify the sites along the digestive tract that each macromolecules is broken down. where is the energy located in the ATP molecule? what is the equation for the breakdown of ATP and the release of energy? describe alveoli and bronchioles.what happens in these structures? why are the vessels of the cardiovascular system wrapped multiple times around the bronchioles and alveoli? are there both arterial and venous capillaries around each alveolar sac? use the principles of diffusion to explain why oxygen molecules in the tissues of the lung go into the blood, and then in other tissues the oxygen molecules leave the blood. what are the main structures of the urinary system? what is the function of each of these structures? the bladder is composed of transitional epithelium, how does the structure of this tissue help with the function of the bladder? what are the main structures of the kidney? what is the function of each structure? in which sections of section of the kidney is the urine formed? what section of the kidney collects the urine? how does the urine move from the kidney out of the body? in which main regions of the kidney are the glomerulus and the Bowmans capsule located? in which main regions of the kidney are the collecting ducts and the loop of Henle located? explain the process of filtration, re absorption and secretion. which direction is the filtrate moving in each process? where does filtration, re absorption and secretion happen in the nephron? what is GFR? What is the purpose of re absorption in the nephron? in what direction are substances moving during the process of secretion? explain what these substances are and why they are excreted from the body.

To Infinity and Beyond free essay sample

We all have vivid memories of those late summer evenings when the moon is so large we just want to reach out and touch it. James â€Å"Jim† Lovell also had this experience, but with one big difference: he got close enough to actually do it. In all of history, in all the millions and millions of people who have walked the Earth, only 12 were lucky enough and skilled enough to have had this experience. They didn’t just see it through some big, fancy telescope, but they saw it through the window of a NASA spaceship orbiting only feet away. Lovell happens to be one of those people. Not only did he visit the moon once, but he visited twice. Jim Lovell, rightfully so, was recognized by Time Magazine as one of their â€Å"Men of the Year† in 1969 along with fellow astronauts, Frank Borman and William Anders. Time was right in doing this because Lovell needs to be remembered for a number of reasons. For example, all the work he did aiding the creation of NASA’s space program , the pride he gave America during the Cold War, his success in multiple, skilled fields of work. But most importantly, the intact image of space exploration is almost entirely thanks to him [Gale Biography 5]. Yet even in addition to all of those things, Jim Lovell provided us with a perspective that very few have. We have all yearned to go to the moon. Lovell did that. The perspective he gave us was how important our very own planet was. â€Å"The vast loneliness up here at the moon is awe inspiring, and it makes you realize what you have back there on Earth. The Earth from here is a grand oasis in the big vastness of space† [American Experience: Race to The Moon 7], remarked Lovell on his second and final mission to the moon. Jim Lovell had a very normal, one could call it, childhood. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio on March 25, 1928 to parents Blanche and James Lovell. Although, his parents moved him to Milwaukee, Wisconsin when he was still a young child. There he spent his time building toy rockets which subsequently became one of his favorite hobbies throughout high school. In high school he even figured out how to launch his rockets to noteable heights. In NASA’s biography of Lovell, they titled one of the sections Lovell: Stargazer in Space and stated that Lovell had been interested in space for as long as he could remember. Lovell attended a number of universities prior to his career including: University of Wisconsin, the US Naval Academy, where he received his Bachelors of Science in 1952, Test Pilot School, the University of Southern California, NATC, Aviation Safety School, Harvard Business School, Illinois Wesleyan University, Western Michigan University, Mary Hardin-Bayor University, and also the Milwaukee School of Business. When Lovell first finished with his schooling, he served two years in the Korean war [Ellis-Christensen 8]. After he returned from his tour, in September of 1962, Lovell was selected by NASA to be an astronaut [Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center 4]. This was mainly because of his extensive flying history. Before his space career, he was climbing up the ranks in the Navy as a test pilot. When he finally got chosen by NASA he finished his service in the Navy with over 7000 hours of logged flying time. The astronauts of Apollo 8, Lovell, Borman, and Anders, were the first three humans to ever see the other side of the moon, and from a mere 69 miles away [PBS 7]. Lovell was also known for his sense of humor. On the first live TV broadcast ever seen from space, Lovell could have been seen stirring his chocolate pudding and wishing his 73 year old mother a happy birthday. His first words to describe the moon when he first saw it were, â€Å"It looks like a big grey beach! † Also, he named one of the triangular mountains on the moon after his wife and the name stuck. To this day, people still refer to that mountain as Mt. Marilyn [PBS 7]. One of the biggest contributions Lovell left us with was all the work he did to help the space shuttle program get up and running. NASAs space shuttle program began with its first launch on April 12, 1981 and ended with its last landing on July 21, 2011. The space shuttle program’s goal was to construct and maintain the International Space Station. It launched 5 shuttles into space. The Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour [Jeanne Ryba 12]. In the beginning of the space shuttle program Lovell was appointed to a very important position: Deputy Director of the Johnson Space Center in Houston, TX, which was the home of the space shuttle program for more than 20 years [Gale Biography 5]. During these 20 years the space center and Jim Lovell oversaw more than 100 launches of these 5 spacecrafts [Amiko Kauderer 14]. By the end of the program, the International Space Station was a built and successful. The final chapter in Lovell’s space missions concluded with Apollo 13. The goal of Apollo 13 was for NASA to send a second group of astronauts to the moon. Originally the crew for Apollo 14 was assigned to 13 but due to lack of preparation, the two crews were forced to switch positions. The crew that ended up going on the perilous Apollo 13 mission ended up being JIm Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise [Lovell 1]. While in transit to the moon, there was an unexpected explosion in one of the oxygen tanks on the ship. This explosion did such significant damage to the ship that Apollo 13, in a split second, went from a mission to the moon, to a life or death crisis for these three astronauts. As Lovell stated, â€Å"The pilots were at the center of any problem, next in line were the individual console controllers in Houston, ultimately responsible for getting problems solved was the flight director† who happened to be himself on that fateful mission PBS 7]. In a panic, all of NASA and the crew out in space worked tirelessly to get the ship home safely. After hours of problem solving and calculating and speculating, Jim Lovell had found a solution that would save them. â€Å"It was a triumph of human motivation, teamwork and initiative over technology,† Lovell said to Janet I-Chin Tu for a Seattle Times article. After the astronauts returned home, they were regarded as national heroes. The story of Apollo 13 got turned into a hit movie in 1995 by director Ron Howard [Apollo 13 2]. In the end, there was something else saved by this mission besides the lives of three amazing astronauts; it was the image of space travel in itself. If Apollo 13 had gone the other way, and those men had gotten stranded out in space to drift along forever, the image of space travel would have been permanently damaged. It’s safe to say, that if that Apollo mission had failed, there wouldn’t be any other NASA missions and there would not be any space shuttle program, meaning no international space station. NASA and America has Jim Lovell to thank for all of that, and saving Apollo 13. Although some may say, â€Å"Why is space so important, why did we invest so much money in sending a couple of men to the moon? This is a valid point. After all, all we brought back from the most famous NASA mission, Apollo 8, was a couple of moon rocks. And where are those rocks now? They are sitting in a museum somewhere for people to simply look at. Not only that, but there were plenty of problems on our own orbiting rock that were yet to have been solved. Each and every one of which could have used the money dedicated to space trave l and the Space Race in a much different way. Why do we remember Jim Lovell as such an influential and important person? The answer however, is obviously what he did, but more importantly, when he did it. The 1960’s was arguably the most pivotal decade in American history. In that decade alone, more things were changing and growing and evolving than almost any other time not only for just the US, but for the rest of the world as well. For example, the very heated and competitive Space Race was going on between US’s NASA and the Soviet Union’s space program. Many would call the Space Race an extension of the Cold War between communism and capitalism [wiseGEEK 10]. This was a time of great tension between Russia and the US. It wasn’t until Apollo 11 sent Neil Armstrong to take the first steps on the moon in 1969 that the Space Race really started to quiet down [NASA 11]. That victory gave Americans an enormous amount of pride and nationalism right when they needed it the most. That right there may be one of the most important contributions Lovell and his crew gave to us. They gave america pride and a feeling of nationalism when our country needed it the most. Lovell even spoke with a couple of Russian cosmonauts who admitted to him that â€Å"Apollo 8 was a major blow to their psyche† [American Experience: Race to The Moon 7]. Jim, along with his other crewmates, were idols after that mission. The whole thing was broadcast on national television for people all over the country to watch Neil take those first steps on to uncharted territory and utter some of the most famous words ever said, â€Å"That’s one small step for man, and one giant leap for mankind. † Jim, along with his other crewmates, were idols after that mission. â€Å"That Apollo 8 flight, I think, was the most important flight of this program. It was the first time men had left the confines of Earth; the first time that they were captured by another body nd this was the first real exploration into space. † Jim Lovell Aside from being a major part in one of the most memorable and important moments in human history, Lovell should also be remembered for how diverse his success was. One of his biggest accomplishments was becoming Deputy Director of the Johnson Space Center in Houston, TX [Gale Biography 5]. In addition, not only did he make it just about as far as one can in the space industry, he also became CEO and owned a number of major corporations and businesses after his career with NASA was over. Following that, he served for many years as a special consultant to the president’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports [Spaceflight Now Inc. 9]. He became CEO of Bay-Houston Towing Co. , CEO of Fisk Telephone Systems and also executive vice president of Centel Co. He also opened a restaurant in Lake Forest in 1999 called â€Å"Lovell’s of Lake Forest†. So, out of the millions and millions of people who have walked this Earth, James â€Å"Jim† Lovell Jr. got to be one of 12 who had the opportunity to be sent up to the moon in nothing but a big box of metal with some rockets attached to it. Not only did he go once, but he went twice. On the second time, the mission almost failed and we have him to thank for the fact that it didn’t. Finishing his NASA career with the record for amount of time in space, 715 hours and 5 minutes, Lovell also received a number of awards [LBJ Space Center 4]. These awards included the Distinguished Flying Cross Award, the Legion d’honneur, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and also the Congressional Space Medal of Honor [Tricia Ellis-Christensen 8]. In addition to that, he was also the only man to have visited the moon twice. After his first mission in space, Gemini 7, he told the story of his reaction to witnessing the first â€Å"Earthrise. † â€Å"We came around the moon for the very first time and Frank [Borman] and I were looking ahead as the horizon passed us and all of a sudden we saw the Earth come out of a lunar-horizon; and that was a really significant sight for me because i could put my thumb up to the window of the spacecraft and completely cover the Earth. I realized that everything I had ever known, my home, my loved ones, everything that was there that i had known was behind my thumb. I realized at that time just how insignificant we are in the universe. † [PBS 7] Not only was Lovell an extremely distinguished astronaut, but he was the head of many corporations and businesses and even a restaurant after his space career ended. Lovell provided us with the vital medicine our country needed during the Cold War: hope, unity, and pride. He also introduced a perspective that no one else could have: what it feels like to be Earthsick, to really appreciate the â€Å"grand oasis† we have the privilege to inhabit. Time magazine is absolutely justified in their article claiming Lovell and his crewmates as the most important men of 1969. Works Cited Apollo 13. Dir. Ron Howard. Perf. Tom Hanks. Imagine Studios, 1995. DVD. Anissimov, Michael. â€Å"What Was the Space Race? † WiseGEEK. N. p. , 2003. Web. 12 Apr. 2013. Ellis-Christensen, Tricia, and O. Wallace. â€Å"Who is Jim Lovell? † WiseGEEK. Conjecture, 12 Mar. 2012. Web. 22 Mar. 2013. I-Chin Tu, Janet. â€Å"Search†. Advanced. Seattle Times, 8 Nov. 1996. Web. 22 Apr. 2013 Interview with Joe Schaul. Interview by Joe Schaul. n. d. : n. pag. Print. â€Å"James Lovell. † Gale Biography in Context. Detroit: Gale, 1999. Biography in Context. Web 12 Mar. 2013. Kauderer, Amiko. â€Å"NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration. † NASA. N. p. , 17 May. 2008. Web. 22 Apr. 2013. 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